口岸非传统安全学刊

本文梳理了我国天津口岸首次截获背点伊蚊（Ochlerotatus dorsalis）的情况，通过对其形态学特征的细致刻画以及DNA条形码技术的分子确认，创建双重认定体系。经形态学判定可知，截获的背点伊蚊身体长度为3.47±0.12 mm，具备明显的触角梗节白色鳞片簇，翅膀上的椭圆状白斑以及腹部各节之间的特征，通过DNA条形码解析得到616bp长的COI基因序列（GenBank收录号：OP876543），此序列同马来西亚背点伊蚊的相似度达到98.5%，从系统发育树来看，天津截获株和来自东南亚的那些菌株聚成了一个受到有力支撑的单系类群。研究结果显示，背点伊蚊有可能是通过东南亚贸易线路传入我国，其生态适应性提升了在我国南方定殖的危险，该研究给口岸检疫给予了技术支撑，提议推行“形态初步筛查+分子验证”这一鉴定流程，还要加大全国媒介生物监测网络创建力度，以此来防范外来病媒生物入侵，守护国门生物安全及公共卫生安全。

This study documents the first detection of Ochlerotatus dorsalis at Tianjin Port in China. A dual identification approach was developed using detailed morphological descriptions and molecular confirmation via DNA barcode analysis. It showed that the captured Aedes aegypti had a body length of 3.47±0.12 mm. Significant white scale clusters were observed on the antennal peduncle segments. The wings featured elliptical white spots,and abdominal intersegmental characteristics were noted. DNA barcoding analysis identified a 616-bp sequence of the COI gene(GenBank accession no. OP876543). This sequence was 98.5% homologous to that of Aedes aegypti in Malaysia.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Aedes aegypti trapped in Tianjin is a very rare species in China. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the strain trapped in Tianjin formed a highly supported monophyletic branch with isolates from Southeast Asia. The study suggests that Ochlerotatus dorsalis might have been introduced to China via Southeast Asian trade routes. Its ecological adaptations have heightened the risk of colonization in southern China.This study offers technical support for port quarantine. It recommends promoting the “initial morphological screening+molecular confirmation” identification process and enhancing the national vector biomonitoring network. These measures aim to prevent invasive vector organisms and safeguard national biosecurity and public health.